{"id":985,"date":"2025-03-28T11:16:23","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T16:16:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/11-rhyfela-twnnel-yng-ngogledd-tsieina-gwastadedd-chwedl-drysfa-danddaearol\/"},"modified":"2025-03-28T11:16:23","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T16:16:23","slug":"11-rhyfela-twnnel-yng-ngogledd-tsieina-gwastadedd-chwedl-drysfa-danddaearol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/11-rhyfela-twnnel-yng-ngogledd-tsieina-gwastadedd-chwedl-drysfa-danddaearol\/","title":{"rendered":"11 – Rhyfela Twnnel yng Ngogledd Tsieina Gwastadedd: Chwedl Drysfa Danddaearol"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n O dan gaeau gwenith a phentrefi gogledd Tsieina plaen mae drysfeydd tri dimensiwn cudd. Nid reidiau parc difyrion mo\u2019r rhain ond \u201cwal fawr danddaearol\u201d a gloddiwyd gan bentrefwyr dros 80 mlynedd yn \u00f4l gyda rhawiau a chwys – achubiaeth a maes y gad.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-6\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n
\n Goroesi trwy gloddio: Datrysiad llawr gwlad\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Ar \u00f4l achos llawn yr ail ryfel Sino-Japaneaidd ym 1937, lansiodd lluoedd Japan y \u201cpolisi tri holl alls\u201d creulon (llosgi popeth, lladd popeth, loot i gyd) yng ngogledd China Plain. Gyda thir gwastad yn cynnig unrhyw guddfannau, dechreuodd pentrefwyr yn Hebei gloddio o dan y ddaear. Methodd llochesi cynnar fel \u201ctyllau llyffantod\u201d (pyllau bach i un person) ag atal goresgynwyr. Erbyn 1942, roedd pobl leol a milwyr yn creu drysfeydd twnnel \u200cmulti-swyddogaethol\u200c ar gyfer cuddio, ymladd a byw.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Ar eu adegau anoddaf, mae pentrefwyr yn ffermio yn \u00f4l dydd ac yn cloddio twneli gan lamp olew gyda'r nos. Heb ddur na sment, fe wnaethant ddefnyddio ffyn pren i gynnal waliau. Heb bympiau, fe wnaethant gipio d\u0175r daear gyda basnau. Roedd dyn oedrannus o Ranzhuang, Hebei, yn cofio: \u201cCwympodd twneli wrth i ni gloddio, ond ni stopiodd neb – roedd stopio yn golygu marwolaeth.\u201d\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-8\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n
\n Dinas danddaearol yn fwy cymhleth na threfedigaeth morgrug\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Nid tyllau syml oedd y twneli hyn ond drysfeydd wedi'u cyfarparu'n llawn:\n<\/p>\n

\n Trapiau tair haen\u200c: Roedd yr haen gyntaf yn cuddio pobl, roedd yr ail ar gyfer ymladd, ac roedd y trydydd ar gyfer dianc. Mynedfeydd ffug yn gaeth elynion.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-3\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Triciau Marwol\u200c: Roedd trapiau drws fflip, waliau nwy gwenwyn, gatiau gwrth-dd\u0175r, a hyd yn oed canonau cartref mewn allanfeydd twnnel yn gwneud i filwyr Japaneaidd deimlo \u201cmaen nhw wedi mynd i mewn i uffern.\u201d\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-8\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Life Life\u200c: Cuddiwyd canolfannau gorchymyn, ysbytai, gweithdai arfau, a siopau bwyd isod. Yn Jiaozhuanghu, baoding, twneli wedi'u cysylltu \u00e2 ffynhonnau a cheginau, gyda mwg o simneiau yn twyllo gelynion.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-4\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Yn Sir Qingyuan, Hebei yn unig, roedd twneli yn ymestyn dros \u200c16,000 cilomedr\u200c (hanner cylchedd y Ddaear), gan ffurfio \u201cRhyngrwyd Underground\u201d sy'n gysylltiedig \u00e2 phentref.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Cenadaethau Newydd Heddiw: Addysg a Thwristiaeth\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Sylfaen addysgol\u200c:\n<\/p>\n

\n Mae plant ysgol yn dysgu gan ddisgynyddion milisia amser rhyfel sut i guddio mynedfeydd twnnel a phrofi sut roedd pentrefwyr yn ymladd gelynion o dan y ddaear. Mae'r dysgu ymarferol hwn yn tanio ysbryd gwladgarol yn well na gwerslyfrau.\n<\/p>\n

\n Amgueddfa Fyw\u200c:\n<\/p>\n

\n Mae Safle Rhyfela Twnnel Ranzhuang yn Hebei yn cadw 600 metr o dwneli gwreiddiol. Mae ymwelwyr yn baglu trwy ddarnau 1-metr o uchder ac yn cyffwrdd \u00e2 waliau gwrth-nwy, gan deimlo gwirionedd y dywediad: \u201cMae llusgo ar \u00f4l i gael ei guro.\u201d\n<\/p>\n

\n Sylwch y cyfieithwyd yr erthygl hon yn awtomatig o'i fersiwn Saesneg gan Google Translator\n<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

O dan gaeau gwenith a phentrefi gogledd Tsieina plaen mae drysfeydd tri dimensiwn cudd. Nid reidiau parc difyrion mo\u2019r rhain ond \u201cwal fawr danddaearol\u201d a gloddiwyd gan bentrefwyr dros 80 mlynedd yn \u00f4l gyda rhawiau a chwys – achubiaeth a maes y gad. Goroesi trwy gloddio: Datrysiad llawr gwlad\u200c ar \u00f4l achos llawn yr ail Sino-Japaneaidd [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_surecart_dashboard_logo_width":"180px","_surecart_dashboard_show_logo":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_orders":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_invoices":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_subscriptions":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_downloads":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_billing":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_account":true,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"bamstone","author_link":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/author\/bamstoneoutlook-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"O dan gaeau gwenith a phentrefi gogledd Tsieina plaen mae drysfeydd tri dimensiwn cudd. Nid reidiau parc difyrion mo\u2019r rhain ond \u201cwal fawr danddaearol\u201d a gloddiwyd gan bentrefwyr dros 80 mlynedd yn \u00f4l gyda rhawiau a chwys - achubiaeth a maes y gad. Goroesi trwy gloddio: Datrysiad llawr gwlad\u200c ar \u00f4l achos llawn yr ail…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=985"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}