{"id":985,"date":"2025-03-28T11:16:37","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T16:16:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/11-tunnelkrigfoering-i-nordkinesiske-plain-the-legend-of-underground-mazes\/"},"modified":"2025-03-28T11:16:37","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T16:16:37","slug":"11-tunnelkrigfoering-i-nordkinesiske-plain-the-legend-of-underground-mazes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/11-tunnelkrigfoering-i-nordkinesiske-plain-the-legend-of-underground-mazes\/","title":{"rendered":"11 – Tunnelkrigf\u00f8ring i Nordkinesiske Plain: The Legend of Underground Maze\u200cs"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n Under hvedefelterne og landsbyerne i Nordkinesiske slet ligger skjulte tredimensionelle labyrinter. Dette er ikke forlystelsesparkture, men en "underjordisk stor mur" gravet af landsbyboere for over 80 \u00e5r siden med skovle og sved – b\u00e5de en livline og en slagmark.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-6\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n
\n Overlevelse ved at grave: en gr\u00e6srodsopl\u00f8sning\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Efter det fulde udbrud af den anden kinesisk-japanske krig i 1937, lancerede japanske styrker den brutale "tre Alls-politik" (Burn All, Kill All, Loot All) i North China Plain. Da fladt land tilbyder ingen skjulesteder, begyndte landsbyboere i Hebei at grave under jorden. Tidlige krisecentre som "paddehuller" (sm\u00e5 grober for en person) kunne ikke stoppe indtr\u00e6ngende. I 1942 skabte lokalbefolkningen og soldater \u200cmulti-funktionelle tunnel-labyrinter til at skjule, k\u00e6mpe og leve.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n P\u00e5 deres sv\u00e6reste tidspunkter opdr\u00e6ttede landsbyboere om dagen og gravede tunneler ved olielampe om natten. Uden st\u00e5l eller cement brugte de tr\u00e6pinde til at underst\u00f8tte v\u00e6gge. Uden pumper scoopede de grundvand med bassiner. En \u00e6ldre mand fra Ranzhuang, Hebei, huskede: \u201dTunneler kollapsede, mens vi gravede, men ingen stoppede – stoppede bet\u00f8d d\u00f8d.\u201d\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-8\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n
\n En underjordisk by mere kompleks end en myrkoloni\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Disse tunneler var ikke enkle huller, men fuldt udstyrede labyrinter:\n<\/p>\n

\n Tre-lags f\u00e6lder\u200c: Det f\u00f8rste lag skjulte mennesker, det andet var til kamp, \u200b\u200bog den tredje var til flugt. Falske indgange fangede fjender.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-3\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n D\u00f8delige tricks\u200c: Flip-door-f\u00e6lder, giftgasv\u00e6gge, vandt\u00e6tte porte og endda hjemmelavede kanoner ved tunneludgange fik japanske soldater til at f\u00f8le "de var kommet ind i helvede."\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-8\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Underjordisk liv\u200c: Kommandocentre, hospitaler, v\u00e5benworkshops og f\u00f8devarebutikker var skjult nedenfor. I Jiaozhuanghu, baoding, tunneler forbundet til br\u00f8nde og k\u00f8kkener, med r\u00f8g fra skorstene, der narrer fjender.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-4\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n I Qingyuan County, Hebei alene, strakte tunneler sig over \u200c16.000 kilometer\u200c (halvdelen af \u200b\u200bjordens omkreds) og dannede en landsbybundet "underjordisk internet."\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Dagens nye missioner: Uddannelse og turisme\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Uddannelsesbase\u200c:\n<\/p>\n

\n Skoleb\u00f8rn l\u00e6rer af efterkommere af krigstidsmilitser, hvordan man kan skjule tunnelindgange og opleve, hvordan landsbyboere k\u00e6mpede fjender under jorden. Denne praktiske l\u00e6ring gnister patriotisk \u00e5nd bedre end l\u00e6reb\u00f8ger.\n<\/p>\n

\n Living Museum\u200c:\n<\/p>\n

\n Ranzhuang -tunnelkrigsstedet i Hebei bevarer 600 meter originale tunneler. Bes\u00f8gende kr\u00e6nker gennem 1 meter h\u00f8je passager og ber\u00f8rer gas-bevis v\u00e6gge og f\u00f8ler sandheden om ordsproget: "At h\u00e6nge bagp\u00e5 er at blive sl\u00e5et."\n<\/p>\n

\n Bem\u00e6rk, at denne artikel blev oversat automatisk fra sin engelske version af Google Translator\n<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Under hvedefelterne og landsbyerne i Nordkinesiske slet ligger skjulte tredimensionelle labyrinter. Dette er ikke forlystelsesparkture, men en "underjordisk stor mur" gravet af landsbyboere for over 80 \u00e5r siden med skovle og sved – b\u00e5de en livline og en slagmark. Overlevelse ved at grave: en gr\u00e6srodsopl\u00f8sning\u200c efter det fulde udbrud af den anden kinesisk-japanske [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_surecart_dashboard_logo_width":"180px","_surecart_dashboard_show_logo":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_orders":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_invoices":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_subscriptions":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_downloads":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_billing":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_account":true,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"bamstone","author_link":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/author\/bamstoneoutlook-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Under hvedefelterne og landsbyerne i Nordkinesiske slet ligger skjulte tredimensionelle labyrinter. Dette er ikke forlystelsesparkture, men en "underjordisk stor mur" gravet af landsbyboere for over 80 \u00e5r siden med skovle og sved - b\u00e5de en livline og en slagmark. Overlevelse ved at grave: en gr\u00e6srodsopl\u00f8sning\u200c efter det fulde udbrud af den anden kinesisk-japanske [\u2026]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=985"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}