{"id":985,"date":"2025-03-28T11:17:17","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T16:17:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/11-tunnelisoda-pohja-hiina-tasandikul-maa-aluste-laburintide-legend\/"},"modified":"2025-03-28T11:17:17","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T16:17:17","slug":"11-tunnelisoda-pohja-hiina-tasandikul-maa-aluste-laburintide-legend","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/11-tunnelisoda-pohja-hiina-tasandikul-maa-aluste-laburintide-legend\/","title":{"rendered":"11 – tunnelis\u00f5da P\u00f5hja -Hiina tasandikul: maa -aluste lab\u00fcrintide legend"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n P\u00f5hja-Hiina Plaine'i nisup\u00f5ldude ja k\u00fclade all on peidetud kolmem\u00f5\u00f5tmelised lab\u00fcrindid. Need ei ole l\u00f5bustuspargis\u00f5idud, vaid \u00fcle 80 aasta eest k\u00fclaelanike poolt kaevatud \u201cmaa -alune suur sein\u201d labidate ja higiga – nii p\u00e4\u00e4ster\u00f5ngast kui ka lahinguv\u00e4ljast.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-6\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n
\n Elluj\u00e4\u00e4mine kaevamisega: rohujuuretasandi lahendus\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n P\u00e4rast teise Sino-Jaapani s\u00f5ja t\u00e4ielikku puhkemist 1937. aastal k\u00e4ivitasid Jaapani v\u00e4ed P\u00f5hja-Hiina tasandikul j\u00f5hkra \u201ckolm Alls-poliitikat\u201d (Burn All, Taping All, R\u00fc\u00fcsta k\u00f5ik). Lameda maaga, mis ei paku peidupaikasid, hakkasid Hebei k\u00fclaelanikud maa alla kaevama. Varased varjualused, nagu \u201ek\u00e4rnkonna augud\u201d (\u00fche inimese pisikesed \u0161ahtid) ei suutnud sissetungijaid peatada. 1942. aastaks l\u00f5id kohalikud ja s\u00f5durid \u200cmulti-funktsionaalseid tunneli mazes\u200c peitmiseks, v\u00f5itluseks ja elamiseks.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Nende raskeimatel aegadel kasvatasid k\u00fclaelanikud \u00f6\u00f6sel \u00f5lilambi \u00e4\u00e4res tunnelid. Ilma terase v\u00f5i tsemendita kasutasid nad seinte toetamiseks puupulkasid. Ilma pumpadeta k\u00fchveldasid nad basseinidega p\u00f5hjavett. Ranzhuangi eakas mees Hebei meenutas: "Tunnelid varisesid kokku, kui me kaevasime, kuid keegi ei peatunud – Stopping t\u00e4hendas surma."\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-8\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n
\n Maa -alune linn keerulisem kui sipelga koloonia\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Need tunnelid ei olnud lihtsad augud, vaid t\u00e4ielikult varustatud lab\u00fcrindid:\n<\/p>\n

\n Kolmekihiline l\u00f5ksud: Esimene kiht peitis inimesi, teine \u200b\u200boli v\u00f5itluseks ja kolmas p\u00f5genemiseks. V\u00f5lts sissep\u00e4\u00e4sud j\u00e4\u00e4sid vaenlased l\u00f5ksu.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-3\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Surmavad nipid\u200c: klapp-p\u00fc\u00fcnised, m\u00fcrkgaasiseinad, veekindlad v\u00e4ravad ja isegi omatehtud suurt\u00fckid tunneli v\u00e4ljap\u00e4\u00e4sudes panid Jaapani s\u00f5durid tundma, et nad on p\u00f5rgusse j\u00f5udnud.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-8\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Maa -alune elu\u200c: allpool olid peidetud juhtimiskeskused, haiglad, relvade t\u00f6\u00f6toad ja toidupoed. Jiaozhuanghus, baading, tunnelid, mis on \u00fchendatud kaevude ja k\u00f6\u00f6kidega, vaenlasi trikitavate korstnate suitsuga.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-4\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Ainu\u00fcksi Hebei Qingyuani maakonnas ulatusid tunnelid \u00fcle 16 000 kilomeetri (pool Maa \u00fcmberm\u00f5\u00f5t), moodustades k\u00fclaga seotud maa-aluse Interneti.\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n T\u00e4nased uued missioonid: haridus ja turism\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Hariduslik baas\u200c:\n<\/p>\n

\n Koolilapsed \u00f5pivad s\u00f5jaaja miilitsa j\u00e4reltulijatelt, kuidas varjata tunneli sissep\u00e4\u00e4susid ja kogeda, kuidas k\u00fclaelanikud vaenlastega maa all v\u00f5itlesid. See praktiline \u00f5ppimine tekitab isamaalise vaimu paremini kui \u00f5pikud.\n<\/p>\n

\n Elav muuseum\u200c:\n<\/p>\n

\n Hebei Ranzhuangi tunneli s\u00f5japidamise sait s\u00e4ilitab 600 meetri originaalseid tunnelit. K\u00fclastajad riputavad l\u00e4bi 1 meetri k\u00f5rgused l\u00f5igud ja puudutavad gaasikindlaid seinu, tundes seda \u00fctlust: "Majalt maha j\u00e4\u00e4mine tuleb peksta."\n<\/p>\n

\n Pange t\u00e4hele, et see artikkel t\u00f5lgiti automaatselt selle ingliskeelsest versioonist Google'i t\u00f5lkija\n<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u00f5hja-Hiina Plaine'i nisup\u00f5ldude ja k\u00fclade all on peidetud kolmem\u00f5\u00f5tmelised lab\u00fcrindid. Need ei ole l\u00f5bustuspargis\u00f5idud, vaid \u00fcle 80 aasta eest k\u00fclaelanike poolt kaevatud \u201cmaa -alune suur sein\u201d labidate ja higiga – nii p\u00e4\u00e4ster\u00f5ngast kui ka lahinguv\u00e4ljast. Elluj\u00e4\u00e4mine kaevamisega: rohujuuretasandi lahendus\u200c P\u00e4rast teise sino-jaapani t\u00e4ielikku puhangut [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_surecart_dashboard_logo_width":"180px","_surecart_dashboard_show_logo":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_orders":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_invoices":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_subscriptions":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_downloads":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_billing":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_account":true,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"bamstone","author_link":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/author\/bamstoneoutlook-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"P\u00f5hja-Hiina Plaine'i nisup\u00f5ldude ja k\u00fclade all on peidetud kolmem\u00f5\u00f5tmelised lab\u00fcrindid. Need ei ole l\u00f5bustuspargis\u00f5idud, vaid \u00fcle 80 aasta eest k\u00fclaelanike poolt kaevatud \u201cmaa -alune suur sein\u201d labidate ja higiga - nii p\u00e4\u00e4ster\u00f5ngast kui ka lahinguv\u00e4ljast. Elluj\u00e4\u00e4mine kaevamisega: rohujuuretasandi lahendus\u200c P\u00e4rast teise sino-jaapani t\u00e4ielikku puhangut [\u2026]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=985"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}