{"id":985,"date":"2025-03-28T11:18:47","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T16:18:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/11-ratovanje-tunela-u-sjevernoj-kini-ravnice-legenda-o-podzemnim-labirintima\/"},"modified":"2025-03-28T11:18:47","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T16:18:47","slug":"11-ratovanje-tunela-u-sjevernoj-kini-ravnice-legenda-o-podzemnim-labirintima","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/11-ratovanje-tunela-u-sjevernoj-kini-ravnice-legenda-o-podzemnim-labirintima\/","title":{"rendered":"11 – Ratovanje tunela u Sjevernoj Kini ravnice: Legenda o podzemnim labirintima"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n Ispod p\u0161eni\u010dnih polja i sela ravnice Sjeverne Kine le\u017ee skrivene trodimenzionalne labirinte. To nisu zabavne vo\u017enje parka, ve\u0107 "podzemni veliki zid" koji je seljani iskopao prije 80 godina lopatama i znojem – i spasila\u010dka linija i bojno polje.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-6\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n
\n Pre\u017eivljavanje kopanjem: Osnovno rje\u0161enje\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Nakon punog izbijanja drugog kinesko-japanskog rata 1937. godine, japanske su snage pokrenule brutalnu "tri ALLS politike" (Burn All, Kill All, Loot All) u Sjevernoj Kini. Budu\u0107i da je ravna zemlja koja ne nudi nije skrivanje, seljani u Hebeiju po\u010deli su kopati pod zemljom. Rana skloni\u0161ta poput "rupe na \u017eabama" (malene jame za jednu osobu) nisu uspjela zaustaviti osvaja\u010de. Do 1942. mje\u0161tani i vojnici stvorili su \u200cmulti-funkcionalni labirinti tunela za skrivanje, borbu i \u017eivot.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n U njihovim najte\u017eim vremenima, seljani su se no\u0107u uzgajali po danu, a no\u0107u su iskopali tunele u naftnom svjetiljkom. Bez \u010delika ili cementa koristili su drvene \u0161tapi\u0107e za podupiranje zidova. Bez pumpi, oni su podzemne vode zakucali slivovima. Stariji mu\u0161karac iz Ranzhuanga, Hebei, prisjetio se: "Tuneli su se sru\u0161ili dok smo iskopali, ali nitko se nije zaustavio – stopilo je zna\u010dilo smrt."\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-8\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n
\n Podzemni grad slo\u017eeniji od kolonije mrava\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Ovi tuneli nisu bili jednostavne rupe, ve\u0107 u potpunosti opremljeni labirinti:\n<\/p>\n

\n Troslojne zamke\u200c: Prvi sloj sakrio je ljude, drugi je bio za borbu, a tre\u0107i za bijeg. La\u017eni ulazi zarobljeni neprijateljima.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-3\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Smrtonosni trikovi \u200c: Zamke s okretnim vratima, zidovi otrova plina, vodootporna vrata, pa \u010dak i doma\u0107i topovi na izlascima tunela, japanski vojnici osje\u0107ali su se "u\u0161li su u pakao."\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-8\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n Underground Life\u200c: U nastavku su skrivene zapovjedni centri, bolnice, radionice oru\u017eja i trgovine hrane. U Jiaozhuanghu, Baoding, tuneli povezani s bunarima i kuhinjama, a dim iz dimnjaka prevario neprijatelje.\n<\/p>\n

\n \"tunnel-warfare-4\"
\n<\/figure>\n

\n U okrugu Qingyuan, samo Hebei, tuneli su se protezali na 16.000 kilometara (pola Zemljinog opsega), formiraju\u0107i \u201epodzemni Internet\u201c povezana s selom. "\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n Dana\u0161nje nove misije: Obrazovanje i turizam\u200c
\n <\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n Obrazovna baza\u200c:\n<\/p>\n

\n \u0160kolarci u\u010de od potomaka ratnih milicija kako preru\u0161iti ulaze u tunele i do\u017eivjeti kako su seljani borili neprijatelje pod zemljom. Ovo prakti\u010dno u\u010denje pobudi domoljubni duh bolje od ud\u017ebenika.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u017divi muzej\u200c:\n<\/p>\n

\n Mjesto ratovanja tunela Ranzhuang u Hebei \u010duva 600 metara originalnih tunela. Posjetitelji se probijaju kroz prolaze visok 1 metar i dodiruju zidove otporne na plin, osje\u0107aju\u0107i istinu izreke: "Zaostati se treba pobijediti."\n<\/p>\n

\n NAPOMENA Ovaj je \u010dlanak automatski preveden s njegove engleske verzije Google Prevoditelja\n<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ispod p\u0161eni\u010dnih polja i sela ravnice Sjeverne Kine le\u017ee skrivene trodimenzionalne labirinte. To nisu zabavne vo\u017enje parka, ve\u0107 "podzemni veliki zid" koji je seljani iskopao prije 80 godina lopatama i znojem – i spasila\u010dka linija i bojno polje. Pre\u017eivljavanje kopanjem: \u0161iroka otopina\u200c nakon potpunog izbijanja drugog kine-japana [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_surecart_dashboard_logo_width":"180px","_surecart_dashboard_show_logo":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_orders":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_invoices":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_subscriptions":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_downloads":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_billing":true,"_surecart_dashboard_navigation_account":true,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"bamstone","author_link":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/author\/bamstoneoutlook-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Ispod p\u0161eni\u010dnih polja i sela ravnice Sjeverne Kine le\u017ee skrivene trodimenzionalne labirinte. To nisu zabavne vo\u017enje parka, ve\u0107 "podzemni veliki zid" koji je seljani iskopao prije 80 godina lopatama i znojem - i spasila\u010dka linija i bojno polje. Pre\u017eivljavanje kopanjem: \u0161iroka otopina\u200c nakon potpunog izbijanja drugog kine-japana [\u2026]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=985"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happymazes.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}